Isenbike Togan was a professor of Inner Asian and Chinese history at Middle East Technical University (Ankara).  Since her retirement in 2007, she has been teaching part- time at Bogazici University in Istanbul. Her research mainly involves with tribe –state relations in Inner Asia and with frontier studies in China. Her teaching and research also expand to Silk Route studies as well as women’s history. Her publications include various articles and two books: Flexibility and Limitation in Steppe Formations (1998) and Çin Kaynaklarında Türkler. Eski Tang Tarihi (Chiu T’ang-shu194a.). The latter is an annotated translation of the Tujue chapter in the Jiu Tangshu.